विष्णुपुराणम् — तृतीयांशे द्वादशोऽध्यायः

और्व उवाच ।

देवगोब्राह्मणान्त्सिद्धान्वृद्धाचार्यं स्तथार्चयेत् ।
द्विकालं च नमेत्संध्यामग्नीनुपचरेत्तथा ॥

Summary AI A man should worship the gods, cows, brāhmaṇas, perfected beings, elders, and teachers. He should bow to the twilight twice a day and tend to the sacred fires.

३.१२.२

सदानुपहते वस्त्रे प्रशस्ताश्च महोषधीः ।
गारुडानि च रत्नानि बिभृयात्प्रयतो नरः ॥

Summary AI A disciplined man should always wear clean, unsoiled clothes, auspicious potent herbs, and emeralds or gems associated with Garuḍa.

३.१२.३

प्रस्निग्धामलकेशश्च सुगन्धश्चारुवेषधृक् ।
सिताः सुमनसो हृद्या विभृयाच्च नरः सदा ॥

Summary AI A man should always keep his hair glossy and clean, use pleasant scents, wear attractive clothing, and carry delightful white flowers.

३.१२.४

किञ्चित्परस्वं न हरेन्नल्पमप्यप्रियं वदेत् ।
प्रियं च नानृतं ब्रूयान्नान्यदोषानुदीरयेत् ॥

Summary AI One should never seize another's property nor speak even slightly unkindly. One should not speak a pleasant lie, nor point out the faults of others.

३.१२.५

नान्यस्त्रियं तथा वैरं रोचयेत्पुरुषर्षभ ।
न दुष्टं यानमारोहेत्कूलच्छायां न संश्रयेत् ॥

Summary AI O best of men, one should not covet another's wife or harbor enmity. One should not mount a damaged vehicle nor seek shelter in the shadow of a riverbank.

३.१२.६

विद्विष्टपतितोन्मत्तबहुवैरादिकीटकैः ।
वर्धकीबन्धकीभर्तुः क्षुद्रानृतकथैः सह ॥

Summary AI A wise man should avoid friendship with those who are hated, outcasts, the insane, those with many enemies, husbands of harlots, and those who speak meanly or falsely.

३.१२.७

तथातिव्ययशीलैश्च परिवादरतैः शठैः ।
बुधो मैत्रीं न कुर्वात नैकः पन्थानमाश्रयेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not befriend the extravagant, the slanderous, or the deceitful. Furthermore, he should not travel alone on a path.

३.१२.८

नावगाहेज्जलोघस्य वेगमग्रे नपेश्वर ।
प्रदीप्तंवेश्म न विशेन्नारोहेच्छिखरं तरोः ॥

Summary AI O Lord of Kings, one should not plunge headlong into a swift torrent, nor enter a burning house, nor climb to the very top of a tree.

३.१२.९

न कुर्याद्दन्तसंघर्षं कुष्णियाच्च न नासिकाम् ।
नासंवृतमुखो जृंभेच्छ्वासकासो विसर्जयेत् ॥

Summary AI One should not grind one's teeth or pick one's nose. One should not yawn without covering the mouth, and should manage breathing and coughing discreetly.

३.१२.१०

नोच्चैर्हसेत्स शब्दं च न मुञ्चेत्पवनं बुधः ।
नखान्न खादयेच्छिन्द्यान्न तृमं न महीं लिखेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not laugh loudly or release gas audibly. He should not bite his nails, shred grass, or scratch the earth.

३.१२.११

न श्मश्रु भक्षयेल्लोष्टं न मृद्रीयाद्विचक्षणः ।
ज्योतींष्यमेध्यशस्तानि नाभिवीक्षेत च प्रभो ॥

Summary AI A discerning man should not bite his beard or mustache, nor crush clods of earth. O Lord, he should not gaze at celestial bodies when they are impure or inauspicious.

३.१२.१२

नग्नां परस्त्रियं चैव सूर्यं चास्तमयोदये ।
न हुङ्कुर्याच्छवं गन्धं शवागन्धोहि सोमज ॥

Summary AI One should not look at another's wife when she is naked, nor at the sun during its rise or setting. One should not make sounds of disgust at a corpse, for its smell is born of Soma.

३.१२.१३

चतुष्पथं चैत्यतरुं श्मशानोपवनानि च ।
दुष्टस्त्रीसन्निकर्षं च वर्जयेन्नशि सर्वदा ॥

Summary AI At night, one should always avoid crossroads, sacred trees, cremation grounds, groves, and the company of wicked women.

३.१२.१४

पूज्यदेवद्विजज्योतिश्छायां नातिक्रमेद्बुधः ।
नैकः शून्याटवीं गच्छेत्तथा शून्यगृहे वसेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not step over the shadows of venerable people, deities, brāhmaṇas, or lights. He should not enter a deserted forest alone, nor live in an empty house.

३.१२.१५

केशास्थिकण्टकामेध्यबलिभस्मतुषांस्तथा ।
स्नानार्द्रधरणीं चैव दूरतः परिवर्जयेत् ॥

Summary AI One should stay far away from hair, bones, thorns, impurities, ritual offerings, ashes, chaff, and ground that is wet from bathing.

३.१२.१६

नानार्यानाश्रयेत्काश्चिन्न जिह्यं रोचयेद्बुधः ।
उपसर्पेन्न वै व्यालं चिरं तिष्ठेन्न वोत्थितः ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not seek shelter with the ignoble, nor delight in crookedness. He should not approach a beast of prey, nor remain standing for an excessive duration.

३.१२.१७

अतीव जागरस्वप्ने तद्वत्स्थानासने बुधः ।
न सेवेत तथा शय्यां व्यायामं च नरेश्वर ॥

Summary AI O Lord of Men, a wise person should avoid excessive waking, sleeping, standing, and sitting. He should also avoid excessive reclining and physical exercise.

३.१२.१८

दंष्ट्रिणः शृङ्गिणश्चैव प्राज्ञो दूरेण वर्जयेत् ।
अवश्यायं च राजेन्द्र पुरोवातातपौ तथा ॥

Summary AI O Sovereign King, a wise man should keep a distance from tusked and horned animals, as well as from frost, direct headwinds, and the intense sun.

३.१२.१९

न स्नायान्न स्वपेन्नग्नो न चैवोपस्पृशेद्बुधः ।
मुक्तकेशश्च नाचामेद्देवाद्यर्चां च वर्जयेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not bathe, sleep, or touch water while naked. He should not perform ceremonial sipping or worship deities with disheveled hair.

३.१२.२०

होमदेवार्चनाद्यासु क्रियास्वाचमने तथा ।
नैकवस्त्रः प्रवर्तेत द्विजपादावनेजने ॥

Summary AI One should not engage in rituals like burnt offerings, deity worship, ceremonial sipping, or washing the feet of a brāhmaṇa while wearing only a single garment.

३.१२.२१

नासमञ्जसशीलैस्तु सहासीत कथञ्चन ।
सद्बुत्तसन्निकर्षो हि क्षणार्धमपि शस्यते ॥

Summary AI One should never keep company with people of improper conduct. Association with those of virtuous behavior is highly commended, even if it lasts for only half a moment.

३.१२.२२

विरोधं नोत्तमैर्गच्छेन्नाधमैश्च सदा बुधः ।
विवाहश्च विवादश्च तुल्यशीलैर्नृपेष्यते ॥

Summary AI A wise person should never enter into conflict with superiors or inferiors. O King, both marriage and disputes are recommended only between individuals of similar character.

३.१२.२३

नारभेत कलं प्राज्ञः शुष्कवैरं च वर्जयेत् ।
अप्यल्पहानिःसोढव्या वैरेणार्थागमन्त्यजेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise person should not initiate a quarrel and should avoid groundless enmity. One should endure even a small loss rather than seek wealth through hostile means.

३.१२.२४

स्नातो नाङ्गानि संमार्जेत्स्नानशाट्या न पाणिना ।
न च निर्धूतयेत्केशान्नाचामेच्चैव चोत्थितः ॥

Summary AI After bathing, one should not wipe the limbs with the bathing garment or the hands. One should not shake out the hair nor perform ācamana while standing up.

३.१२.२५

पादेन नाक्रमेत्पादं न पूज्याबिमुखं नयेत् ।
नोच्चासनं गुरोरग्रे भजेताविनयान्वितः ॥

Summary AI One should not cross one's legs or extend the feet towards worshipful persons. One should not occupy a seat higher than a guru nor behave with a lack of humility.

३.१२.२६

अपसव्यं न गच्छेच्च देवागारचतुष्पथान् ।
माङ्गल्यपूज्यांश्च तथा विपरीतान्न दक्षिणम् ॥

Summary AI One should not pass temples, crossroads, auspicious objects, or worshipful persons with the left side towards them. Rather, they should always be kept to the right during circumambulation.

३.१२.२७

सोमार्काग्न्यंबुवायूनां पूज्यानां च न संमुखम् ।
कुर्यान्निष्ठीवविण्मुत्रसमुत्सर्गं च पण्डितः ॥

Summary AI A learned person should not discharge saliva, feces, or urine while facing the moon, sun, fire, water, wind, or any worshipful beings.

३.१२.२८

तिष्ठन्न मूत्रयेत्तद्वत्पथिष्वपि न मूत्रयेत् ।
श्लेष्मविण्मूत्ररक्तानि सर्वदैव न लङ्घयेत् ॥

Summary AI One should not urinate while standing, nor should one do so on paths. Phlegm, feces, urine, and blood should never be stepped over.

३.१२.२९

श्लेष्मशिङ्घाणिकोत्सर्गौ नान्नकाले प्रशस्यते ।
बलिमङ्गलजप्यादौ न होमे न महाजने ॥

Summary AI The expulsion of phlegm or nasal mucus is not recommended during meals, ritual offerings, auspicious ceremonies, prayers, homa, or in the presence of a large assembly.

३.१२.३०

योपितो नावमन्येत न चासां विश्वसेद्बुधः ।
न चैवेर्ष्या भवेत्तासु न धिक्कुर्यात्कदाचन ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not treat women with contempt nor trust them blindly. He should not harbor jealousy toward them, nor should he ever revile them.

३.१२.३१

मङ्गल्यपूर्वरत्नाज्यपूज्याननभिवाद्य च ।
न निष्क्रमेद्गृहात्प्राज्ञःसदाचारपरो नरः ॥

Summary AI A wise man devoted to righteous conduct should not leave his home without first paying respects to auspicious items, gems, clarified butter, and worshipful individuals.

३.१२.३२

चतुष्पथान्नमस्कुर्यात्काले होमपरो भवेत् ।
दीनानभ्युद्धरेत्साधूनुपासीत बहुश्रुतान् ॥

Summary AI One should offer salutations at crossroads and be diligent in performing homa at the proper time. One should uplift the distressed and serve the virtuous and the learned.

३.१२.३३

देवर्षिपूजकःसम्यक्पितृपिण्डोजकप्रदः ।
सत्कर्ता चातिथीनां यः स लोकानुत्तमान्व्रजेत् ॥

Summary AI He who properly worships the gods and sages, provides offerings of food and water to the ancestors, and treats guests with hospitality, attains the highest celestial realms.

३.१२.३४

हितं मितं प्रियं काले वश्यात्मा योभिभाषते ।
स याति लोकानाह्लादहेतुभूतान्नृपाक्षयान् ॥

Summary AI O King, the self-controlled person who speaks beneficial, measured, and pleasant words at the appropriate time reaches the eternal worlds of supreme joy.

३.१२.३५

धीमान्ह्रीपान्क्षमायुक्तो ह्यास्तिको विनयान्वितः ।
विद्याभिजनवृद्धानां याति लोकाननुत्तमान् ॥

Summary AI The wise, modest, forgiving, faithful, and humble person attains the incomparable worlds designated for those who are venerable in knowledge and lineage.

३.१२.३६

अकालगार्जितादौ च पर्वस्वाशौचकादिषु ।
अनध्यायं बुधः कुर्यादुपरागादिके तथा ॥

Summary AI A wise person should suspend studies during untimely thunder, on sacred lunar days, during periods of ritual impurity, and during occurrences like eclipses.

३.१२.३७

समं नयति यः क्रुद्वान्सर्वबन्धुरमत्सरी ।
भीताश्वासनकृत्साधुःस्वर्गस्तस्याल्पकं फलम् ॥

Summary AI For a virtuous person who pacifies the angry, is a friend to all, remains free from envy, and comforts the frightened, even the attainment of Svarga is considered a small reward.

३.१२.३८

वर्षातपादिषु च्छत्री दण्डी रात्र्यटवीषु च ।
शरीरत्राणकामो वै सोपानत्कःसदा व्रजेत् ॥

Summary AI One who desires protection for the body should carry an umbrella in rain or sun, hold a staff at night or in the forest, and always wear shoes while traveling.

३.१२.३९

नोर्ध्वं न तिर्यग्दूरं वा न पश्यन्पर्यटेद्बुधः ।
युगमात्रं महीष्टष्ठं नरो गच्छेद्विलोकयन् ॥

Summary AI A wise man should not walk looking upward, sideways, or far ahead. Instead, one should walk while looking at the surface of the earth only for a distance of a yoke's length.

३.१२.४०

दोषहेतूनशेषांश्च वश्यात्मा यो निरस्यति ।
तस्य धर्मार्थकामानां हानिर्नाल्पापि जायते ॥

Summary AI For the self-governed individual who eliminates all causes of vice, there is not even a slight diminution in the attainment of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma.

३.१२.४१

सदाचाररतः प्राज्ञो विद्याविनयशिक्षितः ।
पापेप्यपापः परुषे ह्यभिधत्ते प्रियाणि यः ।
मैत्रीद्रवान्तः करणस्तस्य मुक्तिः करे स्थिता ॥

Summary AI Liberation is within the reach of that wise person who is devoted to good conduct, educated in knowledge and humility, remains sinless even among the sinful, speaks kindly even when addressed harshly, and possesses a heart melted with friendship.

३.१२.४२

ये कामक्रोधलोभानां वीतरागा न गोचरे ।
सदाचारस्थितास्तेषामनुभावैर्धृता मही ॥

Summary AI The earth is sustained by the power and glory of those who are free from passion, who are beyond the influence of desire, anger, and greed, and who remain firmly established in righteous conduct.

३.१२.४३

तस्मात्सत्यं वदेत्प्राज्ञो यत्परप्रीतिकारणम् ।
सत्यं यत्परदुःखाय तदा मौनपरो भवेत् ॥

Summary AI Therefore, a wise person should speak the truth that causes joy to others; however, if a truth results in the distress of others, then one should observe silence.

३.१२.४४

प्रियमुक्तं हितं नैतदिति मत्वा न तद्वदेत् ।
श्रेयस्तत्र हितं वाच्यं यद्यप्यत्यन्तमप्रियम् ॥

Summary AI One should not speak words that are pleasant but not beneficial. Instead, that which is beneficial and leads to welfare should be spoken, even if it is extremely unpleasant.

३.१२.४५

प्राणीनामुपकाराय यथैवेह परत्र च ।
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा तदेव मतीमान्वदेत् ॥

Summary AI A wise person should speak only that which results in the welfare of living beings in this world and the next, aligning their actions, thoughts, and speech toward that benevolence.

इति श्रीविष्णुमहापुराणे तृतीयांशे द्वादशो ऽध्यायः ।

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