महाभारतम् — १.६८

वैशंपायन उवाच ।

प्रतिज्ञाय तु दुःषन्ते प्रतियाते शकुन्तला ।
गर्भं सुषाव वामोरुः कुमारममितौजसम् ॥

M N Dutt Vaishampayana said : When Dushyanta went away from the hermitage, making the (above) promises to Shakuntala, she gave birth to a boy of immeasurable energy. When the child grew only three years old, he became in splendour as blazing as the blazing fire. O Janamejaya, he was endued with great beauty, magnanimity and all accomplishments.

१.६८.२

त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु दिप्तानलसमद्युतिम् ।
रूपौदार्यगुणोपेतं दौःषन्तिं जनमेजय ॥

M N Dutt Vaishampayana said : When Dushyanta went away from the hermitage, making the (above) promises to Shakuntala, she gave birth to a boy of immeasurable energy. When the child grew only three years old, he became in splendour as blazing as the blazing fire. O Janamejaya, he was endued with great beauty, magnanimity and all accomplishments.

१.६८.३

जातकर्मादिसंस्कारं कण्वः पुण्यकृतां वरः ।
तस्याथ कारयामास वर्धमानस्य धीमतः ॥

M N Dutt The best of pious men, Kanvas, performed all the rites ordained by the scriptures on that intelligent boy who began to grow up day by day.

१.६८.४

दन्तैः शुक्लैः शिखरिभिः सिंहसंहननो युवा ।
चक्राङ्कितकरः श्रीमान्महामूर्धा महाबलः ।
कुमारो देवगर्भाभः स तत्राशु व्यवर्धत ॥

M N Dutt The boy was gifted with sharp, strong and pearly teeth; he was strong enough to kill lions, he had all auspicious signs on his palms, he had a broad forehead, he was beautiful and strong.

१.६८.५

षड्वर्ष एव बालः स कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति ।
व्याघ्रान्सिंहान्वराहांश्च गजांश्च महिषांस्तथा ॥

M N Dutt Like a celestial child, he began daily to grow up. When he grew six years old, he was so strong that he seized and bound tigers, boars, buffaloes and elephants to the trees that stood near the hermitage.

१.६८.६

बद्ध्वा वृक्षेषु बलवानाश्रमस्य समन्ततः ।
आरोहन्दमयंश्चैव क्रीडंश्च परिधावति ॥

१.६८.७

ततोऽस्य नाम चक्रुस्ते कण्वाश्रमनिवासिनः ।
अस्त्वयं सर्वदमनः सर्वं हि दमयत्ययम् ॥

M N Dutt He rode on some of these wild beasts; he seized some of them and sometimes he pursued some of them in playful mood. The dwellers of the hermitage of Kanva, (finding all this), gave him a name. (They said,) “As he subjugated all beasts, let him be called Sarvadamana". Thus the prince came to be called Sarvadamana, endued as he was with great strength, energy and powers.

१.६८.८

स सर्वदमनो नाम कुमारः समपद्यत ।
विक्रमेणौजसा चैव बलेन च समन्वितः ॥

M N Dutt He rode on some of these wild beasts; he seized some of them and sometimes he pursued some of them in playful mood. The dwellers of the hermitage of Kanva, (finding all this), gave him a name. (They said,) “As he subjugated all beasts, let him be called Sarvadamana". Thus the prince came to be called Sarvadamana, endued as he was with great strength, energy and powers.

१.६८.९

तं कुमारमृषिर्दृष्ट्वा कर्म चास्यातिमानुषम् ।
समयो यौवराज्यायेत्यब्रवीच्च शकुन्तलाम् ॥

M N Dutt Seeing the extraordinary acts of the boy, the Rishi (Kanva) told Shakuntala that the time had come when he should be installed as the heir-apparent.

१.६८.१०

तस्य तद्बलमाज्ञाय कण्वः शिष्यानुवाच ह ।
शकुन्तलामिमां शीघ्रं सहपुत्रामितोऽऽश्रमात् ।
भर्त्रे प्रापयताद्यैव सर्वलक्षणपूजिताम् ॥

M N Dutt Seeing the great strength of the boy, Kanva spoke to his disciples thus, "Take Shakuntala with her son from the hermitage to the house of her husband, blessed with all auspicious signs."

१.६८.११

नारीणां चिरवासो हि बान्धवेषु न रोचते ।
कीर्तिचारित्रधर्मघ्नस्तस्मान्नयत माचिरम् ॥

M N Dutt "It is not fit for women to live for ever in the house of their paternal or maternal relations. Such residence destroys their good name, good conduct and virtue. Therefore, take her to her husband's house without delay."

१.६८.१२

तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे प्रातिष्ठन्तामितौजसः ।
शकुन्तलां पुरस्कृत्य सपुत्रां गजसाह्वयम् ॥

M N Dutt The greatly effulgent disciples (of Kanva), having promised to do it, started with Shakuntala and her son towards the city of Hastinapur.

१.६८.१३

गृहीत्वामरगर्भाभं पुत्रं कमललोचनम् ।
आजगाम ततः शुभ्रा दुःषन्तविदिताद्वनात् ॥

M N Dutt That beauty of fair eye-brows, taking her lotus-eyed son of celestial beauty with her, left the forest where she had first met Dushyanta.

१.६८.१४

अभिसृत्य च राजानं विदिता सा प्रवेशिता ।
सह तेनैव पुत्रेण तरुणादित्यवर्चसा ॥

M N Dutt Having sent words, she entered the royal court with her son, as effulgent as the morning sun. And she was then introduced to him.

१.६८.१५

पूजयित्वा यथान्यायमब्रवीत्तं शकुन्तला ।
अयं पुत्रस्त्वया राजन्यौवराज्येऽभिषिच्यताम् ॥

१.६८.१६

त्वया ह्ययं सुतो राजन्मय्युत्पन्नः सुरोपमः ।
यथासमयमेतस्मिन्वर्तस्व पुरुषोत्तम ॥

M N Dutt Shakuntala said : O King, this is your son. Let him be installed as your heir-apparent. O King, this god-like boy was begotten by you on me. O best of men, fulfil now the promise you made of me.

१.६८.१७

यथा समागमे पूर्वं कृतः स समयस्त्वया ।
तं स्मरस्व महाभाग कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति ॥

M N Dutt O illustrious man, call to your mind the agreement you made with me on the occasion of our marriage at the hermitage of Kanva.

१.६८.१८

सोऽथ श्रुत्वैव तद्वाक्यं तस्या राजा स्मरन्नपि ।
अब्रवीन्न स्मरामीति कस्य त्वं दुष्टतापसि ॥

M N Dutt Having heard her words, the King remembered everything, but he said, “I remember nothing. O wicked ascetic woman, to whom do you belong?"

१.६८.१९

धर्मकामार्थसंबन्धं न स्मरामि त्वया सह ।
गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा कामं यद्वापीच्छसि तत्कुरु ॥

M N Dutt "I do not remember to have any connection with you with regard to (either) Dharma, Artha and Kama. Go or stay or do whatever you please."

१.६८.२०

सैवमुक्ता वरारोहा व्रीडितेव मनस्विनी ।
विसंज्ञेव च दुःखेन तस्थौ स्थाणुरिवाचला ॥

M N Dutt Thus being addressed, the beautiful ascetic lady was filled with shame. She lost her consciousness from grief and she stood like a wooden post.

१.६८.२१

संरम्भामर्षताम्राक्षी स्फुरमाणोष्ठसंपुटा ।
कटाक्षैर्निर्दहन्तीव तिर्यग्राजानमैक्षत ॥

M N Dutt Soon became her eyes red like copper; her lips began to quiver; she cast upon the king her (angry) glances which seemed to burn him.

१.६८.२२

आकारं गूहमाना च मन्युनाभिसमीरिता ।
तपसा संभृतं तेजो धारयामास वै तदा ॥

M N Dutt Her rising anger and blazing fire of her asceticism she kept down with a great effort.

१.६८.२३

सा मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा दुःखामर्षसमन्विता ।
भर्तारमभिसंप्रेक्ष्य क्रुद्धा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥

M N Dutt Collecting her thought in a moment, she thus addressed her husband looking straight at him in grief and in anger. “O great king, knowing everything, how can you, like a mean and inferior man, say that you know nothing'?

१.६८.२४

जानन्नपि महाराज कस्मादेवं प्रभाषसे ।
न जानामीति निःसङ्गं यथान्यः प्राकृतस्तथा ॥

M N Dutt Collecting her thought in a moment, she thus addressed her husband looking straight at him in grief and in anger. “O great king, knowing everything, how can you, like a mean and inferior man, say that you know nothing'?

१.६८.२५

अत्र ते हृदयं वेद सत्यस्यैवानृतस्य च ।
कल्याण बत साक्षी त्वं मात्मानमवमन्यथाः ॥

M N Dutt Your heart is the witness to the truth or to the falsehood of my words. Therefore, speak the truth and do not degrade yourself.

१.६८.२६

योऽन्यथा सन्तमात्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते ।
किं तेन न कृतं पापं चोरेणात्मापहारिणा ॥

M N Dutt He, who has one thing in his mind, but represents another thing to others, is a thief and a robber of his own self. What sin is he not capable of committing?

१.६८.२७

एकोऽहमस्मीति च मन्यसे त्वं
न हृच्छयं वेत्सि मुनिं पुराणम् ।
यो वेदिता कर्मणः पापकस्य
तस्यान्तिके त्वं वृजिनं करोषि ॥

M N Dutt You think that you alone know what you did. But do you not know that the great Omniscient One dwells in your heart. He knows all your sins and you sin in his presence.

१.६८.२८

मन्यते पापकं कृत्वा न कश्चिद्वेत्ति मामिति ।
विदन्ति चैनं देवाश्च स्वश्चैवान्तरपूरुषः ॥

M N Dutt Man, when sinning, thinks that no one sees him. But he is seen by the celestials and by the Deity who dwells in every heart.

१.६८.२९

आदित्यचन्द्रावनिलानलौ च
द्यौर्भूमिरापो हृदयं यमश्च ।
अहश्च रात्रिश्च उभे च संध्ये
धर्मश्च जानाति नरस्य वृत्तम् ॥

M N Dutt The sun, the moon, the air, the fire, the earth, the sky, the water, the heart, Yama, the day, the night, the twilight and Dharma see every act of man.

१.६८.३०

यमो वैवस्वतस्तस्य निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम् ।
हृदि स्थितः कर्मसाक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञो यस्य तुष्यति ॥

M N Dutt Yama, the son of Vivasvata, takes no account of the sins of that man with whom the Deity, the witness of all acts, remains pleased.

१.६८.३१

न तु तुष्यति यस्यैष पुरुषस्य दुरात्मनः ।
तं यमः पापकर्माणं निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम् ॥

M N Dutt But that sinner, with whom the great Deity is not pleased, is punished by Yama for his wicked deeds.

१.६८.३२

अवमन्यात्मनात्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते ।
देवा न तस्य श्रेयांसो यस्यात्मापि न कारणम् ॥

M N Dutt He, who has one thing in his mind, but represents another thing to others, is a thief and a robber of his own self. What sin is he not capable of committing?

१.६८.३३

स्वयं प्राप्तेति मामेवं मावमंस्थाः पतिव्रताम् ।
अर्घ्यार्हां नार्चयसि मां स्वयं भार्यामुपस्थिताम् ॥

M N Dutt He, who falsely represents his self and thus degrades himself, is never blessed by the celestials. Even his own soul does not bless him. I have come of my own accord, but I am a devoted wife to my husband. Do not disrespect me. I am your wife and deserve to be treated respectfully.

१.६८.३४

किमर्थं मां प्राकृतवदुपप्रेक्षसि संसदि ।
न खल्वहमिदं शून्ये रौमि किं न शृणोषि मे ॥

M N Dutt Why do you treat me before all these men like an ordinary woman? I am certainly not crying in the wilderness. Do you not hear me?

१.६८.३५

यदि मे याचमानाया वचनं न करिष्यसि ।
दुःषन्त शतधा मूर्धा ततस्तेऽद्य फलिष्यति ॥

M N Dutt O Dushyanta, If you refuse what I ask you to do, your head will to day be divided into a thousand pieces.

१.६८.३६

भार्यां पतिः संप्रविश्य स यस्माज्जायते पुनः ।
जायाया इति जायात्वं पुराणाः कवयो विदुः ॥

M N Dutt The learned men of old say that the husband himself, entering into the womb of his wife, comes out as the son. Therefore, the wife is called Jaya.

१.६८.३७

यदागमवतः पुंसस्तदपत्यं प्रजायते ।
तत्तारयति संतत्या पूर्वप्रेतान्पितामहान् ॥

M N Dutt The son, that is born to a wise man, rescues the spirits of his deceased ancestors.

१.६८.३८

पुन्नाम्नो नरकाद्यस्मात्पितरं त्रायते सुतः ।
तस्मात्पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयमेव स्वयम्भुवा ॥

M N Dutt Because the son rescues his ancestors from the hell, called Put, therefore he has been called by the self-created (Brahma) himself as Putra.

१.६८.३९

सा भार्या या गृहे दक्षा सा भार्या या प्रजावती ।
सा भार्या या पतिप्राणा सा भार्या या पतिव्रता ॥

M N Dutt She is a true wife who is a good housewife; she is a true wife whose heart is devoted to her husband; she is a true wife who is faithful to her husband,

१.६८.४०

अर्धं भार्या मनुष्यस्य भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा ।
भार्या मूलं त्रिवर्गस्य भार्या मित्रं मरिष्यतः ॥

M N Dutt A man's half is his wife, the wife is her husband's best of friends; the wife is the source of Dharma, Artha and Kama; the wife is the source of salvation.

१.६८.४१

भार्यावन्तः क्रियावन्तः सभार्या गृहमेधिनः ।
भार्यावन्तः प्रमोदन्ते भार्यावन्तः श्रियान्विताः ॥

M N Dutt Those that have wives can perform religious acts; those that have wives lead domestic lives. Those that have wives can be happy and those that have wives can achieve good fortune.

१.६८.४२

सखायः प्रविविक्तेषु भवन्त्येताः प्रियंवदाः ।
पितरो धर्मकार्येषु भवन्त्यार्तस्य मातरः ॥

M N Dutt The sweet-speeched wives their husband's friends on the occasion of joy; they are as fathers on occasions of religious acts; they are as mothers in the hours of illness and are woe.

१.६८.४३

कान्तारेष्वपि विश्रामो नरस्याध्वनिकस्य वै ।
यः सदारः स विश्वास्यस्तस्माद्दाराः परा गतिः ॥

M N Dutt Even in the deep forest, the wife is the refreshment and solace to her roaming husband. He who has a wife, is trusted by all. The wife, therefore, is man's great means of salvation.

१.६८.४४

संसरन्तमपि प्रेतं विषमेष्वेकपातिनम् ।
भार्यैवान्वेति भर्तारं सततं या पतिव्रता ॥

M N Dutt When the husband goes to the land of Yama, leaving this world, it is the devoted wife only that accompanies him there.

१.६८.४५

प्रथमं संस्थिता भार्या पतिं प्रेत्य प्रतीक्षते ।
पूर्वं मृतं च भर्तारं पश्चात्साध्व्यनुगच्छति ॥

M N Dutt The wife, gone before (dying before her husband), waits for the spirit of her husband and if the husband goes before, the chaste wife soon follows him.

१.६८.४६

एतस्मात्कारणाद्राजन्पाणिग्रहणमिष्यते ।
यदाप्नोति पतिर्भार्यामिह लोके परत्र च ॥

M N Dutt O king, for all these reasons, marriage exists (in this world). The husband enjoys the company of his wife, both here in this world and hereafter.

१.६८.४७

आत्मात्मनैव जनितः पुत्र इत्युच्यते बुधैः ।
तस्माद्भार्यां नरः पश्येन्मातृवत्पुत्रमातरम् ॥

M N Dutt The learned men have said that a man himself is born as his son; therefore, a man whose wife has given birth to a son, should look upon her as his mother.

१.६८.४८

भार्यायां जनितं पुत्रमादर्शे स्वमिवाननम् ।
ह्लादते जनिता प्रेष्क्य स्वर्गं प्राप्येव पुण्यकृत् ॥

M N Dutt Looking at the face of the son, begotten on his wife, a man sees his own face as he does in a mirror; and feels himself as happy as a virtuous man attaining to heaven.

१.६८.४९

दह्यमाना मनोदुःखैर्व्याधिभिश्चातुरा नराः ।
ह्लादन्ते स्वेषु दारेषु घर्मार्ताः सलिलेष्विव ॥

M N Dutt Men, burnt out by mental grief or afflicted by disease, feel as much relieved in the company of their wives as a perspiring man does in a cool bath.

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