महाभारतम् — १.३

सूत उवाच ।

जनमेजयः पारिक्षितः सह भ्रातृभिः कुरुक्षेत्रे दीर्घसत्रमुपास्ते । तस्य भ्रातरस्त्रयः श्रुतसेन उग्रसेनो भीमसेन इति ॥

M N Dutt Sauti said: The son of Parikshit, Janamejaya, with his brothers, was attending his long sacrifice in the field of Kurukshetra. His brothers were three, namely-Shrutasena, Ugrasena and Bhimasena. When they were sitting at the sacrifice, there came the son of Sarama.

१.३.२

तेषु तत्सत्रमुपासीनेषु तत्र श्वाभ्यागच्छत्सारमेयः । स जनमेजयस्य भ्रातृभिरभिहतो रोरूयमाणो मातुः समीपमुपागच्छत् ॥

M N Dutt He, being beaten by the brothers of Janamejaya, went to his mother weeping.

१.३.३

तं माता रोरूयमाणमुवाच ।
किं रोदिषि ।
केनास्यभिहत इति ॥

M N Dutt His mother, seeing him weep, asked him, “Why are you weeping, who has beaten you?"

१.३.४

स एवमुक्तो मातरं प्रत्युवाच । जनमेजयस्य भ्रातृभिरभिहतोऽस्मीति ॥

M N Dutt Being thus questioned, he replied to his mother, “I have been beaten by the brothers of Janamejaya."

१.३.५

तं माता प्रत्युवाच । व्यक्तं त्वया तत्रापराद्धं येनास्यभिहत इति ॥

M N Dutt And then his mother said, "You must have committed some fault, for which you have been beaten.'

१.३.६

स तां पुनरुवाच ।
नापराध्यामि किंचित् ।
नावेक्षे हवींषि नावलिह इति ॥

M N Dutt He replied, “I committed no fault. I did not lick the sacrificial ghee, I did not cast even a look at it."

१.३.७

तच्छ्रुत्वा तस्य माता सरमा पुत्रशोकार्ता तत्सत्रमुपागच्छद्यत्र स जनमेजयः सह भ्रातृभिर्दीर्घसत्रमुपास्ते ॥

M N Dutt Hearing this her mother, being very sorry for the affliction of his son, went to the place where Janamejaya with his brothers were attending his long sacrifice.

१.३.८

स तया क्रुद्धया तत्रोक्तः
अयं मे पुत्रो न किंचिदपराध्यति ।
किमर्थमभिहत इति
यस्माच्चायमभिहतोऽनपकारी तस्माददृष्टं त्वां भयमागमिष्यतीति ॥

M N Dutt She angrily addressed Janamejaya thus, “My son did not commit any fault. He did not lick your sacrificial ghee, he did not even look at it. Why did you then beat him?”

१.३.९

स जनमेजय एवमुक्तो देवशुन्या ।
सरमया दृढं संभ्रान्तो विषण्णश्चासीत् ॥

M N Dutt Janamejaya, having been thus cursed by the celestial bitch, Sarama, was very much alarmed and dejected.

१.३.१०

स तस्मिन्सत्रे समाप्ते हास्तिनपुरं प्रत्येत्य पुरोहितमनुरूपमन्विच्छमानः परं यत्नमकरोद्यो मे पापकृत्यां शमयेदिति ॥

M N Dutt After finishing the sacrifice, he returned to Hastinapur and took great pains to find out a priest who could neutralise the effect of the curse by procuring absolution from his sin.

१.३.११

स कदाचिन्मृगयां यातः पारिक्षितो जनमेजयः कस्मिंश्चित्स्वविषयोद्देशे आश्रममपश्यत् ॥

M N Dutt Janamejaya, the son of Parikshit, when out in hunting, saw in one part of his dominion a holy hermitage.

१.३.१२

तत्र कश्चिदृषिरासां चक्रे श्रुतश्रवा नाम । तस्याभिमतः पुत्र आस्ते सोमश्रवा नाम ॥

M N Dutt Where lived a Rishi, named Srutashrava; he had a son who was named Somashrava, who was deeply engaged in austere penances.

१.३.१३

तस्य तं पुत्रमभिगम्य जनमेजयः पारिक्षितः पौरोहित्याय वव्रे ॥

M N Dutt Being desirous to make the son of the Rishi his priest, Janamejaya,

१.३.१४

स नमस्कृत्य तमृषिमुवाच । भगवन्नयं तव पुत्रो मम पुरोहितोऽस्त्विति ॥

M N Dutt Saluted him and said, "O Bhagvan, allow your son to be my priest."

१.३.१५

स एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच
भो जनमेजय पुत्रोऽयं मम सर्प्यां जातः
महातपस्वी स्वाध्यायसंपन्नो मत्तपोवीर्यसंभृतो मच्छुक्रं पीतवत्यास्तस्याः कुक्षौ संवृद्धः
समर्थोऽयं भवतः सर्वाः पापकृत्याः शमयितुमन्तरेण महादेवकृत्याम्
अस्य त्वेकमुपांशुव्रतम्
यदेनं कश्चिद्ब्राह्मणः कंचिदर्थमभियाचेत्तं तस्मै दद्यादयम्
यद्येतदुत्सहसे ततो नयस्वैनमिति

१.३.१६

तेनैवमुक्तो जनमेजयस्तं प्रत्युवाच । भगवंस्तथा भविष्यतीति ॥

M N Dutt Janamejaya thus addressed by the Rishi, said "It shall be as you say.

१.३.१७

स तं पुरोहितमुपादायोपावृत्तो भ्रातॄनुवाच ।
मयायं वृत उपाध्यायः ।
यदयं ब्रूयात्तत्कार्यमविचारयद्भिरिति ॥

M N Dutt He then took him as his priest and returned to his capital. He then addressed his brothers thus, I have chosen this person as my priest. Whatever he will command to do must be obeyed by you without questioning.” The brothers did as they were requested. Giving these instructions to his brothers he marched against Takshashila and conquered that country.

१.३.१८

तेनैवमुक्ता भ्रातरस्तस्य तथा चक्रुः ।
स तथा भ्रातॄन्संदिश्य तक्षशिलां प्रत्यभिप्रतस्थे ।
तं च देशं वशे स्थापयामास ॥

M N Dutt He then took him as his priest and returned to his capital. He then addressed his brothers thus, I have chosen this person as my priest. Whatever he will command to do must be obeyed by you without questioning.” The brothers did as they were requested. Giving these instructions to his brothers he marched against Takshashila and conquered that country.

१.३.१९

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे कश्चिदृषिर्धौम्यो नामायोदः । तस्य शिष्यास्त्रयो बभूवुरुपमन्युरारुणिर्वेदश्चेति ॥

M N Dutt About this time there was also a Rishi, named Ayoda-Dhaumya. He had three disciples namely Upamanyu, Aruni and Veda. One day the Rishi asked one of these three disciples, Aruni of Panchala, to go and stop a breach in the water-course in his field.

१.३.२०

स एकं शिष्यमारुणिं पाञ्चाल्यं प्रेषयामास । गच्छ केदारखण्डं बधानेति ॥

M N Dutt About this time there was also a Rishi, named Ayoda-Dhaumya. He had three disciples namely Upamanyu, Aruni and Veda. One day the Rishi asked one of these three disciples, Aruni of Panchala, to go and stop a breach in the water-course in his field.

१.३.२१

स उपाध्यायेन संदिष्ट आरुणिः पाञ्चाल्यस्तत्र गत्वा तत्केदारखण्डं बद्धुं नाशक्नोत् ॥

M N Dutt Thus ordered by the preceptor, Aruni of Panchala went to the spot, but could not stop the breach. He was very sorry that he could not carry out his preceptor's bidding, but at last he saw a means and he said, “I shall do it in this way." He entered into the breach and there laid himself down and thus the water was stopped.

१.३.२२

स क्लिश्यमानोऽपश्यदुपायम् । भवत्वेवं करिष्यामीति ॥

१.३.२३

स तत्र संविवेश केदारखण्डे । शयाने तस्मिंस्तदुदकं तस्थौ ॥

१.३.२४

ततः कदाचिदुपाध्याय आयोदो धौम्यः शिष्यानपृच्छत् । क्व आरुणिः पाञ्चाल्यो गत इति ॥

M N Dutt Sometime after, the preceptor AyudaDhaumya enquired of his other disciples where Aruni of Panchala went.

१.३.२५

ते प्रत्यूचुः । भगवतैव प्रेषितो गच्छ केदारखण्डं बधानेति ॥

M N Dutt Having been thus addressed, they replied, “Sir, he has been sent by you to stop the breach of the water-course in the field.” Dhaumya, thus reminded, said to his pupils, “Let us all go to the place where he is."

१.३.२६

स एवमुक्तस्ताञ्शिष्यान्प्रत्युवाच । तस्मात्सर्वे तत्र गच्छामो यत्र स इति ॥

M N Dutt Having been thus addressed, they replied, “Sir, he has been sent by you to stop the breach of the water-course in the field.” Dhaumya, thus reminded, said to his pupils, “Let us all go to the place where he is."

१.३.२७

स तत्र गत्वा तस्याह्वानाय शब्दं चकार ।
भो आरुणे पाञ्चाल्य क्वासि ।
वत्सैहीति ॥

M N Dutt Having gone there, he cried, “O Aruni of Panchala, where are you? Come here, my child."

१.३.२८

स तच्छ्रुत्वा आरुणिरुपाध्यायवाक्यं तस्मात्केदारखण्डात्सहसोत्थाय तमुपाध्यायमुपतस्थे
प्रोवाच चैनम्
अयमस्म्यत्र केदारखण्डे निःसरमाणमुदकमवारणीयं संरोद्धुं संविष्टो भगवच्छब्दं श्रुत्वैव सहसा विदार्य केदारखण्डं भवन्तमुपस्थितः
तदभिवादये भगवन्तम्
आज्ञापयतु भवान्
किं करवाणीति

M N Dutt Addressing his preceptor Aruni said. “I was in the breach of the water-course. Having been unable to stop it by and other means, I entered myself into the breach to prevent the water from running out. It is only when I heard your honour's voice that I have left it and allowed the waters to escape. I salute you, great teacher, tell me what I am to do now.

१.३.२९

तमुपाध्यायोऽब्रवीत् । यस्माद्भवान्केदारखण्डमवदार्योत्थितस्तस्माद्भवानुद्दालक एव नाम्ना भविष्यतीति ॥

M N Dutt The preceptor, thus addressed, said, "As you have opened the water-course in getting from the ditch, you shall be henceforth known as Uddalaka as a mark of your action" and blessed him.

१.३.३०

स उपाध्यायेनानुगृहीतः ।
यस्मात्त्वया मद्वचोऽनुष्ठितं तस्माच्छ्रेयोऽवाप्स्यसीति ।
सर्वे च ते वेदाः प्रतिभास्यन्ति सर्वाणि च धर्मशास्त्राणीति ॥

M N Dutt And as you have obeyed my command, you shall obtain good fortune. All the Vedas will shine in you and so will all the Dharma Shastras."

१.३.३१

स एवमुक्त उपाध्या- ।
येनेष्टं देशं जगाम ॥

M N Dutt Being thus blessed by his preceptor, Aruni went away to the country where his heart longed to go. The name of another AyudaDhaumya's disciples was Upamanyu.

१.३.३२

अथापरः शिष्यस्तस्यैवायो- ।
दस्य धौम्यस्योपमन्युर्नाम ॥

M N Dutt Being thus blessed by his preceptor, Aruni went away to the country where his heart longed to go. The name of another AyudaDhaumya's disciples was Upamanyu.

१.३.३३

तमुपाध्यायः प्रेषयामास ।
वत्सोपमन्यो गा रक्षस्वेति ॥

M N Dutt Him the preceptor thus addressed, “Go my child, look after my kine.

१.३.३४

स उपाध्यायवचनादरक्षद्गाः । स चाहनि गा रक्षित्वा दिवसक्षयेऽभ्यागम्योपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥

M N Dutt As ordered by his preceptor, he went to look after the cows. Having tended them all day, he came back to the preceptor's house in the evening. He then stood before him and respectfully saluted him.

१.३.३५

तमुपाध्यायः पीवानमपश्यत्
उवाच चैनम् ।
वत्सोपमन्यो केन वृत्तिं कल्पयसि
पीवानसि दृढमिति ॥

M N Dutt His preceptor, seeing him in the best of health, asked, “Upamanyu, my child, by what means you support yourself? You exceedingly plump?"

१.३.३६

स उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच । भैक्षेण वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति ॥

M N Dutt He answered to his preceptor, “I support myself by begging."

१.३.३७

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच । ममानिवेद्य भैक्षं नोपयोक्तव्यमिति ॥

M N Dutt are The preceptor said, “You should not appropriate what you receive by begging without offering it to me." Being thus told he went away and offered all that he got by begging to his preceptor;

१.३.३८

स तथेत्युक्त्वा पुनररक्षद्गाः । रक्षित्वा चागम्य तथैवोपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥

M N Dutt Having assented to all his preceptor's words, he went away (again) to tend the kine Having done it, he stood before the preceptor and respectfully saluted him.

१.३.३९

तमुपाध्यायस्तथापि पीवानमेव दृष्ट्वोवाच ।
वत्सोपमन्यो सर्वमशेषतस्ते भैक्षं गृह्णामि ।
केनेदानीं वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति ॥

M N Dutt The preceptor, seeing him still as plump as before, said, “Upamanyu, my child. I take from you all that you get by begging. How do you contrive to support yourself now?”

१.३.४०

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायेन प्रत्युवाच ।
भगवते निवेद्य पूर्वमपरं चरामि ।
तेन वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति ॥

M N Dutt Being thus questioned, he answered to his preceptor, “Sir, after giving you all I get by begging, I go again to beg to support myself.”

१.३.४१

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच
नैषा न्याय्या गुरुवृत्तिः ।
अन्येषामपि वृत्त्युपरोधं करोष्येवं वर्तमानः
लुब्धोऽसीति ॥

M N Dutt The preceptor, said “This is not the way you should obey your preceptor. You diminish the support of others who live by begging. Having thus supported yourself you have showed that you are coveteous.

१.३.४२

स तथेत्युक्त्वा गा अरक्षत् । रक्षित्वा च पुनरुपाध्यायगृहमागम्योपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥

M N Dutt Having assented to all his preceptor's words, he went away (again) to tend the kine Having done it, he stood before the preceptor and respectfully saluted him.

१.३.४३

तमुपाध्यायस्तथापि पीवानमेव दृष्ट्वा पुनरुवाच
अहं ते सर्वं भैक्षं गृह्णामि न चान्यच्चरसि ।
पीवानसि
केन वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति ॥

M N Dutt The preceptor saw that he was still plump and said, "Upamanyu, my child, I take from you all that you get by begging. You do not also go out begging for the second time. How do you now manage to support yourself?”

१.३.४४

स उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच । भो एतासां गवां पयसा वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति ॥

M N Dutt He answered to his preceptor, “I support myself by begging."

१.३.४५

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच । नैतन्न्याय्यं पय उपयोक्तुं भवतो मयाननुज्ञातमिति ॥

M N Dutt Upamanyu, thus questioned, replied, “Sir, I now support myself with the milk of these cows.” Hearing which the preceptor said, “It is not proper for you to drink the milk, since you were not addressed by me."

१.३.४६

स तथेति प्रतिज्ञाय गा रक्षित्वा पुनरुपाध्यायगृहानेत्य गुरोरग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥

M N Dutt He assented to his preceptor's words and went to tend the cattle. Having done it he stood before his preceptor and respectfully saluted him.

१.३.४७

तमुपाध्यायः पीवानमेवापश्यत्
उवाच चैनम्
भैक्षं नाश्नासि न चान्यच्चरसि
पयो न पिबसि
पीवानसि
केन वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति

M N Dutt The preceptor saw that he was still fat and he asked, “Upamanyu my child, you do not support yourself by alms, nor do you go begging for the second time, nor do you drink the milk of my cows, but you are still fat, how do you support yourself now?"

१.३.४८

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच । भोः फेनं पिबामि यमिमे वत्सा मातॄणां स्तनं पिबन्त उद्गिरन्तीति ॥

M N Dutt Thus questioned he said, “I now drink the froth that the calves throw out when they suck their mother's teats."

१.३.४९

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच
एते त्वदनुकम्पया गुणवन्तो वत्साः प्रभूततरं फेनमुद्गिरन्ति ।
तदेवमपि वत्सानां वृत्त्युपरोधं करोष्येवं वर्तमानः
फेनमपि भवान्न पातुमर्हतीति ॥

M N Dutt The preceptor replied, “The good calves, out of kindness towards you, throw out a large quantity of froth. You should not stand in the way of their full meal. Know, it is not proper for you to drink the froth.” Upamanyu assented to this and went to tend the cattle.

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